Anything For Animals

Do you want your cute puppy to be the star of the show?

Now you have the chance! You could have your little pooch seen around the world in National Geographic’s photographic competition in just a few seconds. Just upload your best shots and see your pet on the Internet!

It really is that simple.

What Do I Do?
Well, all you need to do is register with National Geographic with their easy form and get up-loading. It really couldn’t be any simpler!

It’s easy to have a look at the current gallery of snaps to see what everyone else is adding - some are soo cute! - and maybe it can inspire you to take more shots yourself!  But if you can see their pictures - then everyone will be able to see yours!

International dog-loving viewers could be downloading a picture of your retriever swimming in a lake for their home laptop or a shot of your chihuahua sleeping on the couch for their computers wallpaper.

Your poodle sitting in a flower pot or your Great Dane squashing your uncle in the car could be turned into a puzzle that thousands of people can play each day!

There is every chance that your dog shots could inspire people to either take up photography or get themselves a life-long companion! Or just make them laugh.

So, Do You Want to be a part of it?

Then get snapping - and get snappy! The sooner you register, the sooner the world can get to meet your dog!

Many people have trouble taking their dog in a car - and it’s usually distressing to watch or dangerous for the driver!

Basically, if a dog is in any way stressed by a journey (the rocking of the car) or by the reason for the journey (you only go in the car to the vets!) then it can show all sorts of signs - the most obvious is being sick.

Symptoms Of A Travel Sick Dog:
It isn’t just about being sick though, as there are many other signs that your dog is unhappy or upset by the journey. These include:

Anxiety- Your dog will no doubt actually look worries by the whole occasion.  It may well have refused or been reluctant to get in the car in the first place.  And even once inside the car, it still seems to be a bit ‘on edge’ and not quite relaxed.

Restlessness - Your dog will no doubt be unable to sit still at all for the journey - or before you even leave your drive!  It will be moving about in the same way that people do before an interview or speech.  Your mind is so full of stress that you cannot think about anything else and this creates energy that acts as a distraction.

If the dog is not secure in a dog harness, a crate or dog car seats then this could be a major hazard for the driver of the car.  The dog could obscure the view, create a diversion to take the drivers eyes off the road or maybe even move towards or climb on the drivers lap!

Trembling - Some dogs may well sit still, but they are curled up all defensive and are actually trembling with fear!  They may have fast-moving eyes - looking out for any way to end this panic and fear.  Rather than try to out-pace the stress they just stay put and suffer.

Drooling - Many dogs (and cats) will start to create excess saliva when stressed, and will drool all over themselves and your car.

Drooling is usually created by nausea - the feeling of sickness.  Just as humans start to create extra moisture in their mouths before they are going to be sick - dogs create drool.  It is unpleasant for the dog and will just make it’s stress levels become higher.

Sickness - this is normally the highest level a travel sick dog will reach as this is the result of all the other types of stress added together.

A dog will not just ‘be sick’ without having suffered stress in one or more of the ways listed above.

Other Causes?
Well, it wouldn’t be fair to say that travel sickness is the result of stress alone, but it is the main trigger.

For example - if you are feeling full up with a tummy full of dinner and then we set you out on a bouncy journey in the back of a car, I’m not sure even your tummy could stay normal.  You would know something wasn’t right and then that is all you think about.  And it is the stress of thinking about this that can make it worse.

Needing to go to toilet can also create these ‘distracting thoughts’ too - where you are not enjoying the journey - you are just thinking about one thing!

Imbalance can also create nausea - just like sea-sickness - but if you have an empty tummy, don’t need the loo and are completely relaxed then these things shouldn’t be an issue.

The Solution?
There are many ’solutions’ that people have tried and are still trying - but it all depends on the situation you are in, the reason for the fear and what you have already tried to ‘cure’ it.

I will discuss these options in the following article.

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Even though they may still look active and healthy - you must treat your elderly pets differently.

I don’t mean to ignore them or give them more treats - I mean an aging animal has very different requirements to a normal adult dog or cat, in terms of energy needs, general health, amount of exercise and heat tolerance to name a few.

Bearing in mind you may well have had them for 10 years or more since they were a kitten or puppy - surely you want to make the latter years of their life just as enjoyable but not quite so fast-paced or energetic.

What’s Different?
Well, commonly the whole body will be aging, so not only will the bones and joints be a bit worn out - but so could things on the inside.  And of course you can necessarily see these so think that they are ok.

As with humans, they need different levels of vitamins or minerals as they age - as their internal systems start reacting to changing hormones and a general slowing down.  Their mind should still be sharp but their body might not be doing to well to keep up!

The Signs Of Aging:
Dogs and cats don’t get wrinkles and sagging skin, but there are many signs that your beloved oldie needs some special attention.  These include:

Sore Or Damaged Teeth & Gums: This may show up as reduced interest in certain foods or ‘not eating’ their premium dry foods. 

Owners may think that he ‘doesn’t like the taste of them anymore’ and so fall into the trick of commercial wet foods - they don’t prefer the flavour of the wet foods - it’s just that they are soft and don’t hurt their teeth and gums!  Why not just soak his premium dry food in warm water and voila - wet (but good for you) food!

Painful Joints Or Arthritis:  This may show up as reluctance to go for long walks in dogs, not jumping up on the sofa or bed as often, not climbing the stairs or possibly not getting up to greet you in the morning after evening runs.

Basically the dog still wants to enjoy walks and playing with you but either gives up half way as it is too uncomfortable - or continues to chase ball after ball and walking for miles to be with you - but really suffering all night with the pain of it all.  Remember your aching limbs after that one-off mountain climbing session!

Lack of correct nutrients or organ failure: This may well start to show up as loose stools, poor coat or a change in character.  You may notice that your cat has started to soil closer to the house or not to cover it up.  Dogs may well lose weight or get dandruff or excessive molting.

Basically you could be feeding your dog the best food in the world, but if it isn’t scientifically designed for older animals or your pets internal digestive system or heart is not working properly these symptoms may be the first signs that you get to show that there could be something wrong.

Heart Disease:  This may show up as panting a lot, especially when hot.  Now I know that all dogs pant when they are very hot or after heavy exercise - but older dogs are more likely to suffer from some types of heart failure - and particularly certain breeds.

Many owners think that it is always best to take their dogs out with them wherever they go than to leave them at home, but that is not always so.  I would rather leave my dog at home on a sunny day than have her sit in a boiling hot car for the 30 minute journey to the park. 

Unless you have air-conditioning in your vehicle, it just gets too hot for elderly (or very young or hairy) animals to cool off.  Excess panting ensues because the heart cannot pump the blood around the body fast enough to cool it down.  The end result will only be making the heart worse, and we know where that leads!

Mental Boredom:  This may well show up a chewing their feet, over-grooming, destroying furniture or their beds and possibly soiling the house.

As you reduce their exercise due to age or injury they will need something to replace that stimulation - and it needs to be mental stimulation.  Rather than just throwing a ball around for less time or over shorter distances, you need to be stimulating their mind with tricks or new skills.

Why not invest in a Clicker (and a tiny torch for cats) and encourage them to learn a new skill that doesn’t involve too much strenuous activity. Maybe learning to turn in a circle or select a certain toy from the pile will keep them happy inside rather than let them waste away the rest of their lives.  Lack of mobility does not have to mean the end of their fun in life - or yours.

Treat them as you would elderly people.  Be patient, be encouraging and don’t expect them to do what they used to do.  Help them find new things to entertain and amuse them and keep your favorite pet happy!

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Teacup chihuahuas are so popular at the moment - and have starred in many recent Hollywood movies! One film was even just about chihuahuas - nothing else!

These tiny little dogs are very similar to standard chihuahuas as there is no actual ‘breed’ that defines the teacup variety other than their size - being that they are smaller than the standard show type.

What Is A Toy Dog?
Well, the definition of a ‘toy dog’ is just a small dog really!  It isn’t a certain group of breeds or even a certain breed of dog so to speak, although there are several breeds sizes used in shows that use the ‘Toy’ prefix - such a ‘toy poodles’. 

However, there are also very small dogs that are classed in other working groups like the Australian terrier.

Toy dogs span many different dog types including spaniels and terriers - although not all toy dogs are lap dogs - many are (or were) working dogs, usually ‘ratters’ and ‘hunters’.

Some toy breeds were designed to be small for pleasure and to ’sit on a lady’s lap’, but others were made smaller for a specific purpose - like a ‘fox catching dog’ may have been bred over time to be smaller to fit in underground tunnels and dens etc.

Chihuahuas obviously fit into the general ‘Toy Dog Group’ of the US and UK Kennel Clubs, which also include both lapdogs (like pekingese and papillon) and miniature versions of working dogs (yorkies and toy poodles).

Teacup Chihuahuas:
Standard Chihuahuas come in a variety of sizes and colors and with either long or short hair.  The breed standard in each country varies slightly in what size or weight is acceptable in showing (the height isn’t a problem) - but of course your teacup chihuahua can be as tiny as you like if it is just a pet. 

Even if it does literally fit into a tea cup, it is still a chihuahua if both it’s parents were - it just won’t win and awards with the Kennel Club - however, it will still win everyone’s heart!

Teacup chihuahuas are one of my favorite breeds (along with teacup poodles and teacup pugs of course!) and chihuahua puppies are just the cutest thing ever!

I traveled all the way to Mexico several times to get a glimpse of some native chihuahuas - as the breed originated in the state of Chihuahua in northern Mexico.  It was definitely worth it for me!

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Dogs don’t need to get fit - so why make them run?

I am seeing a growing trend in people who are going out cycling and making their dog run beside them.  It’s not safe for several reasons - but it really isn’t in the dogs best interest anyway.

Reason 1:
Usually, a dog running like this will not have a lead on - and that could be an issue by itself!  What if you were not watching your dog as you peddled around some trees or whatever - and your dog chased a rabbit/cat/jogger/anything.  What if it got injured?  It may well continue to run along with you anyway - trying to keep up with you while ignoring the pain! 

And even if it did have a lead - that is even worse!  There is obviously the risk of the lead affecting your steering on the bike - which could cause a nasty fall; you could go either side of a tree causing an accident - and worst of all, the lead will make the dog feel compelled to keep running beyond it’s ability because it is attached to it’s owner - you! 

Reason 2:
Domestic Dogs are not endurance runners!  Why would any sensible owner think that this was a good idea?

If your dog is running along with it’s whole tongue hanging out the side of it’s gaping wide mouth - it is out of breath and needs to rest!  Especially if it is a sunny day.  If you are hot just rolling along on your bike - imagine how hot your dog is running by your side!

Many heart problems in dogs are identified during hot weather periods.  This is not because hot weather makes canine hearts go ‘bad’, it is because dog owners put their pets hearts under extra pressure in warm weather by taking them out in the midday sun, having them in hot cars (even when you are driving the car it can still be too hot for dogs) and making them run around for hours!

Reason 3:
It’s plain selfish.  You get a dog as a companion, and you take it for walks so it can enjoy itself.  Don’t you?

How can it enjoy itself (in doggy terms) if it has to just run and run and run?  When can it stop to say ‘hello’ to other dogs?  When can it scent mark and have a sniff of everything else?  When can it roll in the cool grass and splash through puddles if it has to run?

To be honest - your dog is better off being left at home than made to run alongside a bike.  It would be far healthier for your hound to have a few quiet strolls around the block than an epic marathon in the countryside.  If your dog doesn’t ‘train’ for these long runs, it can pull a muscle just like humans.  The few days after the run could leave your dog aching all over like we do after a ‘once in a blue moon’ game of tennis!

But, dogs want to please, so will get up and do it all over again if you ‘asked’ it to - whether it hurt or not!

So, give your dog a day off when you want to mountain-bike across a national park or anywhere at all for more than 10 minutes to be honest.  And if you are too hot in tee-shirt and shorts yourself - don’t even take you dog out for a long walk - it’s just not really fair.

How To Assess ‘What Is Wrong With My Dog?’

There are many illness that your dog can get, and many symptoms that can be signs of various diseases or injuries.

It is important to know whether the symptoms in you dog are 1) serious and need urgent veterinary attention, 2) are important and need checking by a vet, 3) are uncomfortable for your dog but can be treated at home or by simple remedies and 4) those that are common and need no treatment.

1) Serious - Urgent Attention.
This would include continued bleeding, sudden collapse or fitting, an obvious injury like bring hit by a car or anything regarding a pregnant bitch that is unusual.

A discharge from any body part could also be serious (although not clear discharge from the eyes and nose) especially if it is bloody, smelly or contains pus.  Always call your vet surgery if concerned.  Serious cases of violent or continued vomiting and diarrhea (with or without blood) may also be fitted into this group if very young, very old, or already ill and/or on medication.

2) Important - Need Checking.
This could include symptoms that have been going on for a while, but that were not immediately worrying.  These could include; loss of appetite, loose stools, vomiting, gradual weight loss, inactivity/sleeping more, behavioural changes (including aggression, soiling indoors, becoming unsociable) or stiffness.

You may be able to speak with a veterinary receptionist or veterinary nurse to help you decide on how to progress with these symptoms or whether to book an appointment sooner rather than later - it all depends on the age of the animal or other existing illnesses.

3) Uncomfortable - Your Choice.
Such things as worms (scratching their rear end or dragging their bottom along the ground) or fleas (chewing all their fur off up their back or scratching excessively) or other parasites can be either treated at home with standard products - however a visit to the vet can also check for other problems at the same time as administering treatment.

However, to be effectively treated at home, owners should still speak to a receptionist at their vet surgery for the most effective course of treatment and sometimes the more effective actual products.  By this I mean buying just a flea spray or collar for your pet will not get rid of fleas - you need to treat the whole house.  But if you only treat the pets bed and use a ‘flea’ product only (rather than one that kills the eggs and larva too) you will not solve the problem - and could make your own flesh the fleas next meal! See the previous ‘How To Get Rid Of Fleas In Your Home’ article for more advice.

4) Common Problems - Little Treatment.
Things such as loose stools after eating too much food - or the wrong type of food - such as stealing some cakes off the table!

Vomiting green slime after eating (or having the potential to have eaten) grass, or just vomiting up the last meal it ate - which they normally will eat again!

Hacking or coughing after eating a bone or twig - as long as the dog doesn’t look too uncomfortable and it doesn’t last more than an half hour or so is usually nothing to worry about.

Basically any symptoms that only last a short time and do not happen regularly should be no cause for concern.  As with humans, just keep an eye on things and go from there.

In Summary: 
As with any living creature, it is far better to get anything checked out if you are unsure, and for the sake a few $’s, it can be worth the peace of mind. 

I’m sure that your vet will not think you are wasting their time - after all, you are paying for a normal appointment just like everyone else there with you!  It also means that they get to answer any of your questions AND get to check your dog over thoroughly at the same time and update their health record, do a weight check and you can buy some food/wormers/flea products/accessories while you are there!

There are no losers after a visit to your vets!

The Feline Leukemia Virus is also known as FeLV and can infect any cat that hasn’t been vaccinated for this virus.

The virus is associated with lympho-sarcoma (lymph gland tumours) but can also affect the thymus, spleen and gut wall.  As the lymph glands are affected, this can lead to a form of immuno-suppression, making the animal prone to other infections.

Symptoms of Feline Leukemia:
An un-vaccinated cat will start to show symptoms of feline leukemia only after about 3 years!  It has a very long incubation period - although laboratory tests before this time can confirm the disease.

If your cat started showing symptoms they would probably include a high temperature initially, with noticeable lethargy (sleeping more than usual or not wanting to play and chase as normal).  It is possible that there would be a noticeable lack of appetite, although this could possibly be very difficult to spot when many cats are feeding from the same bowls.  

It is possible you will notice swollen lymph glands, but this would only be found with a proper check of the appropriate areas - they wouldn’t be felt with just regular stroking!

Persistent dental problems and gingivitis are common with this type of long-term infection.

If the virus remains active in the cats body, then the cat will be at risk of developing further disease.

Noticeable (clinical) signs of Feline Leukemia vary depending on where the Feline Leukemia virus is replicating - making more of itself - as this organ will be most affected and will probably develop a tumour.  The Feline Leukemia virus usually also involves the red blood cells in some way and can lead to related signs such as anaemia and immuno-suppression. 

If only found present late on in a cat, symptoms may well be secondary infections like bladder problems (cystitis) or other infectious diseases as the cat’s body can no longer defend itself from attack.

A positive diagnosis would need a blood or saliva test in a laboratory.

Is Feline Leukemia contagious?
Yes, and multi-cat households and breeding farms are most at risk.

A persistently infected cat can pass it on to all other cats in the household, and the only effective action is to permanently remove the infected cat from house. 

The virus is passed on through close intimate contact such as intercourse, saliva and blood.  So cat fights, same dish feeding and breeding can all spread the disease.

Feline Leukemia Treatment:
There is no cure for Feline Leukemia, and surviving Feline Leukemia is likely to be treatment that is symptom related, so removal of tumours, a course of anti-biotics for infections, etc.  The cats life will no doubt be shortened and possibly filled with illness.  It can sometimes shorten the cats life to just a few years after initial symptoms were spotted.

Sadly, the readily available vaccination would have prevented initial infection with the virus anyway, but not everyone vaccinates regularly, thinking it ‘won’t happen to them’.

In addition, make sure that any new cats entering your home or breeding cattery have been tested clear for FeLV and are vaccinated before putting your own cats at risk.

If you are after the greatest pet show - that includes all sorts - not just dogs - then head for the NEC in Birmingham on the 4th, 5th or 6th and May 2009.

The Ultimate Pet Show will include horse stunts, duck herding and ferret racing as well as rabbit show-jumping, spider handling and pet fashion show on the Sunday!  It really has it all.

What Else?
Well, there are many hands-on sections for every type of pet as well as medical advice from the experts.  Seminars, demonstrations and competitions, as well as fun activities and displays including birds of prey.

Also the chance to buy products from all the big names in the stands, free samples and money-off coupons, with names like James Wellbeloved, Pet Plan and The Dogs Trust.

There is also the chance to see the winner announced on the Saturday for ‘Britains Most Talented Pet’ as the finalists all arrive for the judges - which includes TV vet Mark Abraham.

The online price is just £12 - and kids under 5 are free - so you can bring the kids along too - no excuses!

See you there?

Traveling with your cats or dogs can be fun, but taking them into another country needs careful planning.  However, travel around Europe just got much easier with the PETS Travel Scheme - and here is a quick run down….. 

If you are thinking of entering the UK with your cat or dog, you have 2 options to legally do so:

1) 6-months Quarantine
2) A PETS Passport

Basically, the UK is rabies-free and they would like to keep it that way - so they make sure that all possible carriers (mainly carnivorous mammals) are regulated on entry.

This includes both domestic and wild animals that enter the country (by human intervention) and as a result cats and dogs are included in these regulations and as a result need to be proved to not carry the virus.

The only way to guarantee this is to successfully vaccinate the animal and wait 6 months before giving it the ‘all-clear’.

Why 6 months?
The incubation period for the rabies virus (the time it takes from infection to the animal showing symptoms) is around 6 months.  It can be shorter or a bit longer - but 6 months is the accepted incubation period for governmental legislation.

Therefore, if the dog had contracted rabies the day before it entered the UK, it will very likely become symptomatic within 6 months.  As it would have been in quarantine kennels all this time, there is no risk of that dog having passed it on to any other dogs, cats or other mammals.

So Why Is There No Quarantine With The Passports?
The reason is simple.  To acquire the PETS (Pet Travel Scheme)Passport, the cat or dog still needs to wait for a 6 month period to elapse before being allowed to freely enter the UK.

This means that if you find a stray do in Spain and want to bring it to the UK, you have to obtain a valid PETS passport - which takes over 6 months.  Basically the period of ‘quarantine’ is still there, but the dog or cat doesn’t have to spend it in a kennel.

How To Get Your PETS Passport:
Obtaining a PETS passport is very simple and involves 5 simple steps.  Basically you are individually identifying your cat or dog permanently and then proving it has enough rabies anti-bodies in it’s blood to protect against a new rabies infection.

The first 4 steps are to get the passport in the first place and will take at least 7 months from start to finish:

1) Get your cat or dog micro-chipped
2) Get you cat or dog vaccinated against rabies
3) Get a blood test result to prove you pet is protected
4) Obtain an official PETS passport from a qualified vet

The final step needs to be carried out within a 24-48 hour window on your entry or return to the UK:

5) Obtain official Tick and Tapeworm treatment

What Next?
To travel around other countries in the EU does not usually require the PETS passport, but many have their own regulations for transporting your pets.  And these guidelines are mainly for your entry to the UK, so always check the current legislation with DEFRA (UK) or other national body before traveling with your pets.

The PETS passport is valid for as long as the rabies vaccine is in date, so make sure that you do not let it expire by even 1 day - otherwise you will have to start the process all over again!

What Is Kennel Cough? 

Kennel cough is a highly infectious disease found in dogs which is particularly prevalent where large number of animals are kept in the same place, for example in kennels, breeding establishments and rescue centres.

This disease is known by several names including Canine Contagious Respiratory Disease  (CCRD), tracheobronchitis as well as the more common ‘kennel cough’.  Basically ’kennel cough’ is a phrase commonly used to umbrella together many types of respiratory tract infections.

What Causes It?
The canine respiratory tract (the windpipe) normally harbours many micro-organisms including Streptococcus spp. amongst others but they are not causing any problems.  However the Bordetella bronchiseptica is the one that is commonly associated with the worst throat infections.

Other viruses that could be identified in canine throat infections include:

CAV-1 - canine adenovirus 1
CAV-2 - canine adenovirus 2
CPIV - canine para-influenza virus
CHV - canine herpes virus
and - Reovirus

What Makes Them Different? 
Depending on which virus is present and whether it was contracted at the same time as Bordetella bronchiseptica or not will vary the actual infection and the ‘kennel cough’ symptoms that actually appear in the dogs themselves.

Infection follows either direct dog-to-dog contact or aerosol transmission (where dogs are having to breath the same air and the infected dog has breathed the virus or micro-organism out into this air). Following inhalation, the micro-organisms rapidly colonize the windpipe tissues leading to inflammation in as little as 4 days.

The severity depends as said above on the combination of organisms causing the infection.